Relocating your family from the United States to Canada is a life-changing decision that offers new opportunities, a high quality of life, and access to universal healthcare and excellent education. However, moving as a family involves unique considerations, from choosing the right immigration pathway to preparing for life in a new country. Here’s what you need to know to make your transition as smooth as possible.
1. Immigration Pathways for Families
Express Entry
Express Entry is Canada’s main system for skilled worker immigration and is open to families. If you qualify as a principal applicant, you can include your spouse or common-law partner and dependent children (under 22, or older if they have a qualifying disability) in your application. Express Entry is points-based, considering factors like age, education, work experience, and language ability. U.S. citizens and residents often have strong profiles due to education and English proficiency, making this a popular route .
Family Sponsorship
If you have a spouse, common-law partner, or parent who is a Canadian citizen or permanent resident, they may be able to sponsor you and your dependent children for permanent residence. The sponsor must be at least 18 years old, reside in Canada, and demonstrate the financial ability to support you. The relationship must be genuine and legally recognized in Canada .
Work and Study Permits
If you’re moving for work, you may be eligible for a work permit. Employer-specific work permits require a job offer and, in some cases, a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). Open work permits are available in certain situations, such as for spouses of skilled workers or international students. Children can often attend school as dependents of work or study permit holders .
Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP)
Each province and territory has its own PNP, which may be suitable if you have skills in demand in a specific region. Some PNP streams are linked to Express Entry, increasing your chances of obtaining permanent residence .
2. Who Can You Bring With You?
Canada allows you to include the following family members in your application:
| Family Member | Eligible to Accompany? | Notes |
| Spouse/Common-law Partner | Yes | Must be legally recognized; same-sex partners included |
| Dependent Children | Yes | Under 22, or older if dependent due to a disability |
| Parents/Grandparents | Not on main application | Can be sponsored separately after you become a PR |
| Other Relatives | Rarely | Only in exceptional circumstances |
Pets can also be brought, but require health certificates and compliance with Canadian Food Inspection Agency rules .
3. Key Requirements and Documents
| Requirement | Details |
| Valid Passports | For all family members |
| Proof of Relationship | Marriage/birth certificates, adoption papers |
| Medical Exams | Required for all applicants |
| Police Certificates | For adults from all countries lived in for 6+ months since age 18 |
| Proof of Funds | Varies by program and family size (see IRCC guidelines) |
| Educational Credentials | Diplomas, degrees, and ECA (if applying as skilled worker) |
| Job Offer (if applicable) | For employer-specific work permits |
4. Practical Considerations for Families
Healthcare
Permanent residents and citizens are covered by Canada’s public healthcare system, but there may be a waiting period (up to 3 months) after arrival. It’s wise to have private insurance for your family during this time .
Schooling
Children of permanent residents, work permit, or study permit holders can attend public schools in Canada. School registration typically requires proof of address, immunization records, and previous school transcripts.
Bringing Pets
You can bring your pets, but you’ll need to follow Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) rules. Dogs and cats require up-to-date rabies vaccinations and health certificates. Check airline and border requirements in advance .
Driving and Transportation
Most provinces allow you to use your U.S. driver’s license for 90–180 days before you must exchange it for a local license. Requirements vary by province .
Moving Your Belongings
You’ll need to prepare a detailed list of goods you’re bringing (including serial numbers for electronics) for Canadian customs. Consider using a cross-border moving company with experience in U.S.-Canada relocations .
5. Settling In: What to Expect
Climate and Lifestyle
Canada’s climate can be much colder than many parts of the U.S., especially in winter. Pack appropriate clothing and prepare for snow if moving to central or eastern provinces .
Cost of Living and Currency
Some goods and services may be more expensive in Canada, and you’ll need to adjust to the Canadian dollar. Open a Canadian bank account and consider how to transfer funds from the U.S. .
Healthcare and Taxes
You’ll be covered by public healthcare as a permanent resident, but you may need private insurance initially. As a U.S. citizen, you must file U.S. taxes even while living in Canada, but tax treaties and credits usually prevent double taxation .
Cultural Differences
Canada uses the metric system, has two official languages (English and French), and unique slang. Embrace the local culture and get involved in your new community .
6. Choosing Where to Live
Popular destinations for American families include:
| City/Province | Highlights |
| Toronto, Ontario | Largest city, diverse, strong job market |
| Vancouver, BC | Mild climate, outdoor lifestyle, multicultural |
| Ottawa, Ontario | Family-friendly, bilingual, government jobs |
| Montreal, Quebec | French-speaking, affordable, vibrant culture |
| Calgary, Alberta | Growing city, proximity to Rockies, lower taxes |
| Halifax, Nova Scotia | Coastal, slower pace, affordable housing |
Consider your family’s needs, job opportunities, language preferences, and lifestyle when choosing a location .
7. Tips for a Smooth Family Move
- Visit Canada first to explore neighborhoods, schools, and job markets.
- Line up a job and housing before moving, if possible.
- Prepare all documents in advance and keep originals handy.
- Arrange for private health insurance for the first few months.
- Get your children’s school records and immunizations up to date.
- Plan for your pets’ move well in advance.
8. How Earnest Immigration Can Help
Moving your family to Canada is a big step, but you don’t have to do it alone. Earnest Immigration is a CICC Registered Immigration Consultant specializing in helping American families navigate every aspect of the Canadian immigration process. We offer:
- Personalized eligibility assessments
- Full application support for Express Entry, family sponsorship, work and study permits
- Guidance on moving logistics, healthcare, and settling in
Contact Earnest Immigration today for expert help with your family’s move to Canada!
